Yin la'akari da aikin mai zafi da zaɓin samfurin da ya dace yana buƙatar cikakken la'akari da sigogin fasaha da yanayin aikace-aikacen. Ga cikakken jagora:
I. Yaya za a yi hukunci da ingancin thermistor?
Mahimman sigogin aikin su ne jigon ƙima:
1. Ƙimar Juriya na Ƙa'ida (R25):
- Ma'anar:Ƙimar juriya a takamaiman zazzabi (yawanci 25 ° C).
- Hukunci mai inganci:Ƙimar ƙima ita kanta ba ta da kyau ko mara kyau; mabuɗin shine ko ya dace da buƙatun ƙira na da'irar aikace-aikacen (misali, mai rarraba wutar lantarki, iyakancewa na yanzu). Daidaituwa (yaɗuwar ƙimar juriya a cikin tsari ɗaya) shine mahimmin nuni na ingancin masana'anta - ƙaramin tarwatsewa ya fi kyau.
- Lura:NTC da PTC suna da juriya iri-iri a 25°C (NTC: ohms zuwa megohms, PTC: yawanci ohms zuwa ɗaruruwan ohms).
2. B Darajar (Beta Value):
- Ma'anar:Ma'auni mai bayanin yanayin juriya na thermistor yana canzawa tare da zafin jiki. Yawancin lokaci yana nufin ƙimar B tsakanin takamaiman yanayin zafi biyu (misali, B25/50, B25/85).
- Tsarin Lissafi: B = (T1 * T2) / (T2 - T1) * ln (R1/R2)
- Hukunci mai inganci:
- NTC:Ƙimar B mafi girma tana nuna girman zafin jiki da juriya mai tsayi tare da zafin jiki. Maɗaukakin ƙimar B suna ba da ƙuduri mafi girma a ma'aunin zafin jiki amma mafi munin layi akan kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi. Daidaituwa (watsewar darajar B a cikin tsari) yana da mahimmanci.
- PTC:Ƙimar B (ko da yake yawan zafin jiki α ya fi kowa) yana bayyana ƙimar juriya a ƙasa da ma'anar Curie. Don sauya aikace-aikace, tsayin tsayin juriya kusa da ma'anar Curie (ƙimar α) shine maɓalli.
- Lura:Masana'antun daban-daban na iya ayyana ƙimar B ta amfani da nau'ikan zafin jiki daban-daban (T1/T2); tabbatar da daidaito lokacin kwatanta.
3. Daidaito (Haƙuri):
- Ma'anar:Kewayon kewayon da aka yarda da shi tsakanin ainihin ƙima da ƙimar ƙima. Yawancin lokaci ana rarraba su kamar:
- Ƙimar Ƙimar Juriya:Bambance-bambancen da aka yarda na ainihin juriya daga juriya na ƙididdigewa a 25°C (misali, ± 1%, ± 3%, ± 5%).
- Daidaiton Ƙimar B:Ƙimar da aka halatta ta ainihin ƙimar B daga ƙimar B na ƙima (misali, ± 0.5%, ± 1%, ± 2%).
- Hukunci mai inganci:Mafi girman daidaito yana nuna kyakkyawan aiki, yawanci akan farashi mai girma. Babban madaidaicin aikace-aikacen (misali, ma'aunin zafin jiki, da'irar ramuwa) suna buƙatar ingantattun samfura (misali, ± 1% R25, ± 0.5% B darajar). Za a iya amfani da ƙananan samfuran daidaito a aikace-aikace masu ƙarancin buƙata (misali, kariyar wuce gona da iri, nunin zafin jiki mai ƙazanta).
4. Ma'aunin zafin jiki (α):
- Ma'anar:Matsakaicin ƙimar juriya yana canzawa tare da zafin jiki (yawanci kusa da zazzabi na 25 ° C). Don NTC, α = - (B / T²) (%/°C); don PTC, akwai ƙaramin α tabbatacce a ƙasan ma'anar Curie, wanda ke ƙaruwa sosai kusa da shi.
- Hukunci mai inganci:A high |α| darajar (mara kyau ga NTC, tabbatacce ga PTC kusa da wurin sauyawa) yana da fa'ida a cikin aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar amsa da sauri ko haɓaka mai girma. Koyaya, wannan kuma yana nufin kunkuntar kewayon aiki mai inganci da mafi munin layi.
5. Tsawon Lokaci na thermal (τ):
- Ma'anar:Ƙarƙashin yanayin wutar lantarki, lokacin da ake buƙata don zafin zafin jiki na thermistor zai canza da 63.2% na jimlar bambance-bambance lokacin da yanayin yanayi ya sami canjin mataki.
- Hukunci mai inganci:Karamin madawwamin lokaci yana nufin amsa da sauri ga canje-canjen yanayin zafi. Wannan yana da mahimmanci ga aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ma'aunin zafin jiki da sauri ko amsawa (misali, kariyar zafin jiki, gano kwararar iska). Tsawon lokaci yana tasiri ta girman kunshin, ƙarfin kayan zafi, da ƙarfin zafin jiki. Ƙananan, NTCs bead da ba a rufe su suna amsawa da sauri.
6. Tsabtace Tsayawa (δ):
- Ma'anar:Ikon da ake buƙata don ɗaga zafin thermistor da 1°C sama da zafin yanayi saboda ɓatar da ƙarfinsa (naúrar: mW/°C).
- Hukunci mai inganci:Matsakaicin tarwatsewa mafi girma yana nufin ƙarancin tasirin dumama kai (watau ƙarami haɓakar zafin jiki na halin yanzu ɗaya). Wannan yana da matukar mahimmanci don daidaitaccen ma'aunin zafin jiki, saboda ƙarancin dumama kai yana nufin ƙananan kurakuran auna. Thermistors tare da ƙananan ɗumbin ɗumbin ɗumbin ɗumbin yawa (ƙananan girman, fakitin da aka keɓe mai zafi) sun fi fuskantar manyan kurakuran dumama kai daga auna halin yanzu.
7. Matsakaicin Ƙimar Wuta (Pmax):
- Ma'anar:Matsakaicin ƙarfin da thermistor zai iya aiki da ƙarfi na dogon lokaci a ƙayyadadden zazzabi na yanayi ba tare da lalacewa ko madaidaicin siga na dindindin ba.
- Hukunci mai inganci:Dole ne ya dace da iyakar abin da ake buƙata na ɓarna wutar lantarki na aikace-aikacen tare da isasshiyar gefe (yawanci lalacewa). Resistors tare da mafi girman ikon sarrafa iko sun fi dogara.
8. Tsawon Zazzabi Mai Aiki:
- Ma'anar:Tazarar yanayin yanayi a cikinsa wanda thermistor zai iya aiki akai-akai yayin da sigogi ke tsayawa cikin ƙayyadaddun iyakokin daidaito.
- Hukunci mai inganci:Faɗin kewayo yana nufin mafi girman aiki. Tabbatar da mafi girma da mafi ƙarancin yanayin yanayi a cikin aikace-aikacen sun faɗi cikin wannan kewayon.
9. Natsuwa da Amincewa:
- Ma'anar:Ƙarfin kiyaye juriya mai ƙarfi da ƙimar B yayin amfani na dogon lokaci ko bayan fuskantar hawan zafin jiki da babban / ƙananan zafin jiki.
- Hukunci mai inganci:Babban kwanciyar hankali yana da mahimmanci don aikace-aikacen madaidaici. Gilashin da aka lullube ko NTCs na musamman da aka kula da su gabaɗaya suna da kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci fiye da na epoxy-encapsulated. Juriyar sauyawa (yawan zagayowar juyawa da zai iya jurewa ba tare da gazawa ba) shine mabuɗin dogaro ga PTCs.
II. Yadda za a Zaba Madaidaicin Thermistor don Bukatun ku?
Tsarin zaɓin ya ƙunshi daidaita sigogin aiki zuwa buƙatun aikace-aikacen:
1. Gano Nau'in Aikace-aikacen:Wannan shine tushe.
- Ma'aunin Zazzabi: NTCan fi so. Mayar da hankali kan daidaito (darajar R da B), kwanciyar hankali, kewayon zafin jiki na aiki, tasirin dumama kai (tsayawa ta yau da kullun), saurin amsawa (daidaitaccen lokaci), layin layi (ko ana buƙatar ramuwa na layi), da nau'in fakiti (bincike, SMD, gilashin gilashi).
- Adadin zafin jiki: NTCYawancin lokaci ana amfani da shi (diyya don drift a transistor, lu'ulu'u, da sauransu). Tabbatar da halayen zafin jiki na NTC sun dace da halayen ɗigon abin da aka biya diyya, da ba da fifiko ga kwanciyar hankali da daidaito.
- Ƙayyadaddun Ƙira na Yanzu: NTCan fi so. Mahimman sigogi suneƘimar juriya na ƙima (yana ƙayyade tasirin iyakancewar farko), Matsakaicin Tsayayyen Jiha na Yanzu/Iko(yana ƙayyade ƙarfin aiki yayin aiki na yau da kullun),Matsakaicin Juriya na Yanzu(Ba ni da ƙima ko kololuwar halin yanzu don ƙayyadaddun nau'ikan raƙuman ruwa), daLokacin farfadowa(lokacin da za a kwantar da hankali zuwa ƙananan juriya bayan kashe wutar lantarki, yana shafar aikace-aikacen sauyawa akai-akai).
- Yawan zafin jiki/Kariya na yau da kullun: PTC(fis ɗin sake saitawa) yawanci ana amfani da su.
- Kariyar yawan zafin jiki:Zaɓi PTC mai ma'ana Curie kadan sama da babban iyakar yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullun. Mayar da hankali kan zafin tafiya, lokacin tafiya, sake saita zafin jiki, ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki/na yanzu.
- Kariya na yau da kullun:Zaɓi PTC mai riƙon ɗan lokaci sama da na yau da kullun na da'ira da kuma tafiyar halin yanzu ƙasa da matakin da zai iya haifar da lalacewa. Maɓalli masu mahimmanci sun haɗa da riƙon halin yanzu, halin yanzu na tafiya, max ƙarfin lantarki, max halin yanzu, lokacin tafiya, juriya.
- Gano Matsayin Liquid/Gudawa: NTCyawanci ana amfani da shi, yana amfani da tasirin dumama kansa. Maɓalli masu mahimmanci sune tarwatsewa akai-akai, madaurin lokacin zafi (gudun amsawa), iyawar sarrafa wutar lantarki, da fakiti (dole ne tsayayya da lalatawar kafofin watsa labarai).
2. Ƙayyade Bukatun Sigar Maɓalli:Ƙididdige buƙatu dangane da yanayin aikace-aikacen.
- Nisan Aunawa:Mafi ƙarancin zafi da za a auna.
- Bukatun Daidaiton Aunawa:Menene kewayon kuskuren yanayin zafi da aka yarda? Wannan yana ƙayyade juriya da ake buƙata da ƙimar ƙimar B.
- Bukatar Gudun Amsa:Yaya sauri ya zama dole a gano canjin zafin jiki? Wannan yana ƙayyade madaidaicin lokacin da ake buƙata, yana tasiri zaɓin kunshin.
- Interface:Matsayin thermistor a cikin kewayawa (mai rarraba wutar lantarki? jerin iyakance halin yanzu?). Wannan yana ƙayyade kewayon juriya na ƙididdiga da ake buƙata da kuma fitar da halin yanzu/ƙarfin wutar lantarki, yana shafar lissafin kuskuren dumama kai.
- Yanayin Muhalli:Danshi, lalata sinadarai, damuwa na inji, buƙatar rufi? Wannan kai tsaye yana rinjayar zaɓin kunshin (misali, epoxy, gilashin, kumfa na bakin karfe, mai rufi na silicone, SMD).
- Iyakar Amfani da Wuta:Nawa nawa halin yanzu na da'ira za ta iya bayarwa? Nawa ne aka ba da izinin hawan zafi mai zafi? Wannan yana ƙayyadadden rarrabuwar kawuna akai-akai da fitar da matakin halin yanzu.
- Bukatun dogaro:Kuna buƙatar kwanciyar hankali na dogon lokaci? Dole ne a yi jure wa sauyawa akai-akai? Kuna buƙatar ƙarfin juriya mai girma/na yanzu?
- Matsalolin Girma:PCB sarari? Wurin hawa?
3. Zaɓi NTC ko PTC:Bisa Mataki na 1 (nau'in aikace-aikacen), yawanci ana ƙayyade wannan.
4. Tace Musamman Samfura:
- Tuntuɓi Marubutan Bayanai:Wannan ita ce hanya mafi kai tsaye da inganci. Manyan masana'antun sun haɗa da Vishay, TDK (EPCOS), Murata, Semitec, Littelfuse, TR Ceramic, da sauransu.
- Madaidaitan Matsala:Dangane da mahimman buƙatun da aka gano a cikin Mataki na 2, takaddun bayanan bincike don samfura masu cika sharuɗɗan juriya na ƙima, ƙimar B, ƙimar daidaito, kewayon zafin aiki, girman fakitin, tsattsauran rabewa, tsayin lokaci, max ƙarfi, da sauransu.
- Nau'in Kunshin:
- Surface Dutsen Na'urar (SMD):Ƙananan girman, dace da babban nauyin SMT, ƙananan farashi. Matsakaicin saurin amsawa, matsakaicin tarwatsewa akai-akai, ƙananan sarrafa iko. Girman gama gari: 0201, 0402, 0603, 0805, da sauransu.
- Gilashin da aka lullube:Amsa da sauri sosai (kananan lokaci akai-akai), kwanciyar hankali mai kyau, juriya mai zafi. Karami amma mai rauni. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da shi azaman jigon a madaidaicin binciken zafin jiki.
- Mai Rufe Epoxy:Ƙananan farashi, wasu kariya. Matsakaicin saurin amsawa, kwanciyar hankali, da juriya na zafin jiki.
- Axial/Radial Ya Jagoranci:Ingantacciyar sarrafa wutar lantarki, mai sauƙi don siyarwar hannu ko hawan ramuka.
- Binciken Ƙarfe/Filastik:Sauƙi don hawa da tsaro, yana samar da rufi, hana ruwa, juriya na lalata, kariya ta inji. Saurin amsawa a hankali (ya danganta da gidaje/cikowa). Dace da masana'antu, aikace-aikace na kayan aiki bukatar abin dogara hawa.
- Nau'in Ƙarfin Dutsen Surface:An ƙera shi don ƙayyadaddun inrush mai ƙarfi, girman girma, sarrafa ƙarfi mai ƙarfi.
5. Yi la'akari da Kuɗi da Samuwar:Zaɓi samfur mai inganci tare da ingantaccen wadata da lokutan jagora karɓu wanda ya dace da buƙatun aiki. Babban inganci, fakiti na musamman, samfuran amsa da sauri yawanci sun fi tsada.
6. Yi Tabbacin Gwajin Idan Ya Bukata:Don aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci, musamman waɗanda suka haɗa da daidaito, saurin amsawa, ko aminci, gwada samfuran ƙarƙashin ainihin yanayin aiki ko kwaikwaya.
Takaitaccen Matakan Zaɓi
1. Bayyana Bukatu:Menene aikace-aikacen? Me aunawa? Kare me? Diyya ga me?
2. Ƙayyade Nau'in:NTC (Aunawa/Rayya) ko PTC (Kare)?
3. Ƙididdiga Ma'auni:Yanayin zafin jiki? Daidaito? Saurin amsawa? Iko? Girman? Muhalli?
4. Duba Taskar Bayanai:Tace ƙirar ɗan takara bisa buƙatu, kwatanta teburin siga.
5. Kunshin Nazari:Zaɓi kunshin da ya dace dangane da yanayi, hawa, amsawa.
6. Kwatanta Kudin:Zaɓi samfurin tattalin arziki wanda ya dace da buƙatu.
7. Tabbatarwa:Gwada aikin samfurin a ainihin ko siffar yanayi don aikace-aikace masu mahimmanci.
Ta hanyar nazarin sigogin aiki cikin tsari da haɗa su tare da takamaiman buƙatun aikace-aikacen, zaku iya yin hukunci daidai da ingancin thermistor kuma zaɓi mafi dacewa don aikin ku. Ka tuna, babu "mafi kyawun" thermistor, kawai thermistor "mafi dacewa" don takamaiman aikace-aikacen. A yayin aiwatar da zaɓin, cikakkun bayanai na takaddun bayanai sune mafi girman abin da za ku dogara da ku.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-15-2025