A ranar 21 ga watan Agusta, farfesa MA Cheng na jami'ar kimiyya da fasaha ta kasar Sin (USTC) da masu hadin gwiwarsa sun ba da shawarar yin amfani da dabara mai inganci don tinkarar matsalar cudanya da makamashin lantarki da ke takaita samar da batir Li mai karfi na zamani mai zuwa. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan haɗaɗɗen lantarki da aka ƙirƙira ta wannan hanya yana nuna iyawa na musamman da kuma wasan kwaikwayo.
Maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta ruwa electrolyte a cikin na al'ada Li-ion baturi tare da m electrolytes iya ƙwarai rage aminci al'amurran da suka shafi, da kuma yiwuwar karya "gilashi silin" don inganta yawa makamashi. Koyaya, kayan lantarki na yau da kullun suma daskararru ne. Tunda cudanya tsakanin daskararrun guda biyu kusan ba zai yuwu ta zama mai kusanci kamar wacce ke tsakanin ƙarfi da ruwa ba, a halin yanzu batir ɗin da ke kan ƙwanƙwaran lantarki yawanci suna nuna ƙarancin hulɗar electrode-electrolyte da wasan kwaikwayo marasa gamsarwa.
"Batun tuntuɓar lantarki-electrolyte na batura masu ƙarfi ya ɗan yi kama da guntun sandar katako," in ji Farfesa MA Cheng daga USTC, jagoran marubucin binciken. "A gaskiya, a cikin wadannan shekaru masu bincike sun riga sun ƙera kyawawan na'urorin lantarki da kuma ƙwararrun electrolytes, amma rashin hulɗar da ke tsakanin su har yanzu yana iyakance ingancin jigilar Li-ion."
Abin farin ciki, dabarun MA na iya shawo kan wannan babban kalubale. An fara binciken ne tare da gwajin zarra-by-atom na wani lokaci na ƙazanta a cikin samfuri mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na perovskite. Kodayake tsarin kristal ya bambanta sosai tsakanin ƙazanta da ƙaƙƙarfan electrolyte, an lura da su don samar da musaya na epitaxial. Bayan jerin cikakkun bayanai na nazari na tsari da sinadarai, masu bincike sun gano cewa lokaci na ƙazanta yana da ƙayyadaddun abubuwa tare da manyan na'urorin lantarki masu arziƙi na Li. Wato, samfura mai ƙarfi na lantarki zai iya yin crystallize akan “samfurin” da aka samar ta hanyar tsarin atom ɗin na lantarki mai girma, wanda ke haifar da mu’amalar atomically.
"Wannan hakika abin mamaki ne," in ji marubucin farko LI Fuzhen, wanda a halin yanzu dalibi ne na digiri na USTC. "Kasancewar najasa a cikin kayan haƙiƙa wani lamari ne na gama gari, wanda ya zama ruwan dare ta yadda yawancin lokuta ba za a yi watsi da su ba. Duk da haka, bayan da muka yi la'akari da su, mun gano wannan hali na epitaxial na ba zato ba tsammani, kuma kai tsaye ya zaburar da dabarunmu don inganta ingantaccen haɗin gwiwa."
Idan aka kwatanta da tsarin latsa sanyi da aka saba ɗauka, dabarun da masu binciken suka gabatar za su iya fahimtar cikakkiyar hulɗar da ba ta dace ba tsakanin ƙwararrun electrolytes da na'urorin lantarki a ma'aunin atomic, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton microscopy na atomatik-ƙudurin lantarki. (Ƙungiyar MA ta bayar.)
Yin amfani da abin da aka lura, masu binciken sun yi niyya crystallized da amorphous foda tare da wannan abun da ke ciki a matsayin perovskite-tsararrun m electrolyte a saman wani Li-arziki mai lebur fili, kuma ya samu nasarar gane wani m, m lamba tsakanin wadannan biyu m kayan a cikin wani hadadden lantarki. Tare da batun tuntuɓar lantarki-electrolyte da aka magance, irin wannan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan haɗaɗɗen lantarki ya ba da damar ƙimar ko da kwatankwacin waccan daga ɗigon ruwa mai haɗaɗɗiyar lantarki. Mafi mahimmanci, masu binciken kuma sun gano irin wannan nau'in haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi na epitaxial na iya jure wa babban rashin daidaituwa na lettice, don haka dabarun da suka tsara za su iya amfani da su da yawa na perovskite solid electrolytes da kuma na'urorin lantarki.
"Wannan aikin ya nuna alkiblar da ta dace a bi," in ji MA. "Yin amfani da ƙa'idar da aka taso a nan zuwa wasu mahimman abubuwa na iya haifar da mafi kyawun wasan kwaikwayon tantanin halitta da kimiyya mai ban sha'awa. Muna sa ido."
Masu binciken sun yi niyya don ci gaba da binciken su ta wannan hanyar, kuma su yi amfani da dabarun da aka tsara zuwa wasu maɗaukaki masu ƙarfi, masu ƙarfi na cathodes.
An buga binciken ne a kan Matter, wata jaridar flagship ta Cell Press, mai suna "Atomically Intimate Contact between Solid Electrolytes and Electrodes for Li Battery". Mawallafin farko shine LI Fuzhen, dalibin da ya kammala karatun digiri na USTC. Wadanda suka hada kai da Farfesa MA Cheng sun hada da Farfesa NAN Ce-Wen daga jami’ar Tsinghua da Dr. ZHOU Lin daga dakin gwaje-gwaje na Ames.
(School of Chemistry and Material Sciences)
Takarda mahada: https://www.cell.com/matter/fulltext/S2590-2385(19)30029-3
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-03-2019