Tawagar bincike karkashin jagorancin Farfesa XUE Tian da Farfesa MA Yuqian daga Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha ta kasar Sin (USTC), tare da haɗin gwiwar ƙungiyoyin bincike da yawa, sun sami nasarar ba da damar hangen nesa na ɗan adam kusa da infrared (NIR) na sararin samaniya ta hanyar ruwan tabarau na haɓakawa (UCLs). An buga binciken akan layi a cikin Cell a ranar 22 ga Mayu, 2025 (EST), kuma an nuna shi a cikin sakin Labarai taLatsa salula.
A dabi'a, igiyoyin lantarki na lantarki suna da iyaka da tsayi, amma idon ɗan adam yana iya tsinkayar wani ɗan ƙaramin yanki ne kawai wanda aka sani da haske mai gani, wanda ke sa hasken NIR ya wuce ƙarshen jajayen bakan a gare mu.
Hoto 1. Wutar lantarki da bakan haske da ake iya gani (Hoto daga ƙungiyar Farfesa XUE)
A cikin 2019, wata tawaga karkashin jagorancin Farfesa XUE Tian, MA Yuqian, da HAN Gang sun sami ci gaba ta hanyar shigar da nanomaterials masu canzawa a cikin retina na dabbobi, wanda ya ba da damar hangen nesa na ido tsirara na farko a cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Koyaya, saboda ƙayyadaddun aiwatar da allurar intravitreal a cikin ɗan adam, babban ƙalubalen wannan fasaha ya ta'allaka ne wajen ba da damar fahimtar ɗan adam game da hasken NIR ta hanyar da ba ta da ƙarfi.
Ruwan tabarau masu laushi masu laushi waɗanda aka yi da kayan haɗin polymer suna ba da mafita mai yuwuwa, amma haɓaka UCLs suna fuskantar manyan ƙalubale guda biyu: samun ingantaccen ƙarfin juzu'i, wanda ke buƙatar babban juzu'i na nanoparticles (UCNPs) doping, da kiyaye gaskiya mai girma. Duk da haka, haɗa nanoparticles cikin polymers yana canza kayan aikin su na gani, yana sa yana da wahala a daidaita babban taro tare da tsabtar gani.
Ta hanyar gyare-gyare na UCNPs da kuma nunawa na kayan aikin polymeric da suka dace da refractive-index, masu bincike sun haɓaka UCLs suna samun 7-9% UCNP hadewa yayin da suke kiyaye sama da 90% nuna gaskiya a cikin bakan da ake gani. Bugu da ƙari, UCLs sun nuna gamsasshiyar aikin gani, hydrophilicity, da bioacompatibility, tare da sakamakon gwaji da ke nuna cewa duka nau'ikan murine da masu ɗaukar ɗan adam ba za su iya gano hasken NIR kawai ba amma kuma sun bambanta mitoci na ɗan lokaci.
Mafi ban sha'awa, ƙungiyar binciken ta tsara tsarin gilashin ido mai sawa wanda aka haɗa tare da UCLs da ingantaccen hoto na gani don shawo kan iyakokin cewa UCLs na al'ada kawai ke ba masu amfani da tsinkaye mai zurfi na hotunan NIR. Wannan ci gaban yana bawa masu amfani damar gane hotunan NIR tare da ƙudurin sararin samaniya mai kamanta da hangen nesa na haske, yana ba da damar ƙarin ingantacciyar ganewa na hadadden tsarin NIR.
Don ci gaba da jimre wa tartsatsin kasancewar hasken NIR mai yawa a cikin yanayin yanayi, masu bincike sun maye gurbin UCNPs na gargajiya tare da UCNPs masu trichromatic don haɓaka ruwan tabarau masu canzawa na trichromatic (tUCLs), wanda ya ba masu amfani damar rarrabe tsayin tsayin NIR guda uku daban-daban kuma su fahimci bakan launi na NIR. Ta hanyar haɗa launi, na ɗan lokaci, da bayanan sararin samaniya, TUCLs sun ba da izini don daidaitaccen ganewa na bayanai masu girma dabam-dabam na NIR, suna ba da ingantattun zaɓin zaɓaɓɓu da damar tsoma baki.
Hoto2. Bayyanar launi iri daban-daban (madubai masu nuna alama tare da nau'ikan tunani daban-daban) a fili da nir haske, kamar yadda aka dube shi ta hanyar mai inuwa ta inuwa. (Hoto daga tawagar Farfesa XUE)
Hoto 3. UCLs suna ba da damar fahimtar ɗan adam game da hasken NIR a cikin na ɗan lokaci, sarari, da ma'auni. (Hoto daga tawagar Farfesa XUE)
Wannan binciken, wanda ya nuna maganin da za a iya amfani da shi don hangen nesa na NIR a cikin mutane ta hanyar UCLs, ya ba da tabbacin ra'ayi don hangen nesa na NIR kuma ya buɗe aikace-aikace masu ban sha'awa a cikin tsaro, anti-jarabci, da kuma kula da rashin hangen nesa na launi.
Takarda mahada:doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2025.04.019
(XU Yehong ne ya rubuta, SHEN Xinyi, ZHAO Zheqian ne ya gyara shi)
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-07-2025